The Four Cardinals show no sign of giving up, and neither should they. It might at this point be useful to present a chronology of the Four Cardinals and the dubia. It goes like this.


  • On 19th September 2016, four Cardinals - Caffarra, Burk, Brandmueller and Meisner – present 5 dubia or requests for clarification to the Pope concerning certain ambiguities in Amoris Laetitia.

  • On 19th November 2016, having received no answer, the four Cardinals publish their dubia.

  • On April 25th 2017, the four Cardinals write to the Pope asking for an audience, enclosing an “audience sheet” setting down what they wish to discuss with him.

  • On June 19th 2017, the letter of the four Cardinals, which has received no response, is published.