Television viewers who watched the recent three-part BBC real-life drama Three Girls were shocked by the nature and scale of the horrific abuse suffered by vulnerable children and young people in Rochdale.

And in the four years since the Rochdale Borough Safeguarding Children Board published its harrowing case reviews, many attempts have been made to improve the system. The government has called for changes in healthcare, social care, education, law enforcement, the voluntary sector, and local and national government. Numerous measures have been proposed and new initiatives have been introduced.