Baroness Nuala O’Loan has said that the Vatican’s deal with China, which gives its Government a role in the selection of bishops via a state-run organisation, has emboldened the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) “in its attempts to control, limit, even destroy Catholicism”.

Writing for the Irish Catholic, O’Loan cited Human Rights Watch’s April report that clergy are subjected to intense political or ideological training, and are required to pledge loyalty to the Communist Party in order to minister.