One of the deepest rifts in the Church today is that between Rome and the United States. As with most strained relationships, there is no single cause but many. It is difficult to say precisely when divisions emerged, but it was not long after the election of Pope Francis in 2013. By 2018 the strains had become impossible to ignore. That was the year that Archbishop Carlo Maria Viganò, the former Apostolic Nuncio to the US, published his “testimony” accusing Francis of failing to root out corruption. The Vatican was dismayed that so few US bishops sprang to the Pope’s defence and, indeed, some sided publicly with the archbishop.